Book an Appointment

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a term used to describe chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, primarily affecting the small intestine and colon. The two main types of IBD are Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Both conditions can cause severe digestive issues, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, and malnutrition. IBD is a lifelong condition that requires ongoing management to control symptoms and prevent complications.
  • Find a Doctor

What is Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)?

IBD is a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. The inflammation can cause damage to the intestinal walls, leading to a variety of symptoms that can severely impact a person’s quality of life. The exact cause of IBD is not known, but it is believed to involve an abnormal immune response, genetics, and environmental factors.

Types of IBD

  • Crohn’s Disease: This type of IBD can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus, but it most commonly affects the end of the small intestine (ileum) and the beginning of the colon. Crohn’s Disease can cause patchy areas of inflammation and can affect multiple layers of the bowel wall.
  • Ulcerative Colitis: This type of IBD is limited to the colon and rectum, causing continuous inflammation and ulcers in the innermost lining of the colon. Unlike Crohn’s Disease, Ulcerative Colitis affects only the superficial layers of the colon wall.

How Common is IBD?

IBD is more common in developed countries, with an estimated prevalence of about 1.6 million people in the United States, including 80,000 children and young adults. Both Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis can occur at any age, but they are most commonly diagnosed in young adults between the ages of 15 and 35.

Common Symptoms:

  • Persistent diarrhea, often with blood or mucus
  • Abdominal pain and cramping
  • Unintended weight loss
  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Loss of appetite
  • Fever
  • Anemia (due to chronic blood loss)
  • Rectal bleeding
  • Joint pain and swelling (extra-intestinal manifestation)

Common Causes

  • Immune System Dysfunction: In IBD, the immune system mistakenly attacks the GI tract, leading to chronic inflammation.
  • Genetics: A family history of IBD increases the risk of developing the condition. Several genes have been linked to an increased risk of IBD.
  • Environmental Factors: Factors such as diet, smoking, and exposure to certain bacteria or viruses may trigger or exacerbate IBD in genetically susceptible individuals.
  • Gut Microbiota: An imbalance in the gut microbiota (the community of bacteria and other microorganisms living in the intestines) may play a role in the development of IBD.

 

FAQs

Currently, there is no cure for IBD. However, with the right treatment and lifestyle modifications, many people with IBD can achieve long-term remission and lead a normal, healthy life.

 

It varies from person to person, but common trigger foods include high-fiber foods, spicy foods, dairy products, and fatty or fried foods. A dietitian can help tailor a diet plan to your needs.

Yes, stress can trigger or worsen IBD symptoms. Managing stress through relaxation techniques, therapy, and a healthy lifestyle can help reduce flare-ups.

IBD is diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests, stool tests, imaging studies, and endoscopic procedures like colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy.

Yes, having IBD, especially long-standing ulcerative colitis, can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Regular screening and monitoring are important for early detection and prevention.

Treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) includes medications like anti-inflammatories, immune suppressors, and biologics to control inflammation, along with dietary adjustments to ease symptoms. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged parts of the digestive tract. Your healthcare provider can help determine the best approach for you.

Absolutely. Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms, prevent complications, and support long-term health. If you’re experiencing symptoms, reach out to a healthcare provider for an evaluation.

Table of Contents

Request an Appointment?

Think you're healthy?
It's time to make sure

Request an Appointment
In partnering with the top gastroenterologists in the area, we hope to provide the best possible care for our patients in the most beneficial practice environment.
Linkedin X-twitter Instagram Facebook
Health Care
Patient Portal
Employee Hub

© 2024 GI Partners of Illinois, LLC

Home
Locations
Contact Us
Pay My Bill
Patient Portal
Request an Appointment