Diverticular Disease

Diverticular Disease encompasses two related conditions: diverticulosis and diverticulitis. Diverticulosis is the formation of small, bulging pouches (diverticula) in the lining of the digestive tract, most commonly in the colon. When these pouches become inflamed or infected, it leads to a more severe condition known as diverticulitis. Both conditions are common in older adults and can cause a range of gastrointestinal symptoms.

Overview

What is Diverticular Disease?

Diverticular Disease occurs when small pouches, known as diverticula, form in the wall of the colon. This condition is called diverticulosis. It becomes diverticulitis when these pouches become inflamed or infected, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain, fever, and changes in bowel habits. Diverticular disease is often related to diet, lifestyle, and age.

Types of Diverticular Disease

  • Diverticulosis: The presence of diverticula in the colon without symptoms. It is usually discovered incidentally during routine examinations or imaging tests.
  • Diverticulitis: Inflammation or infection of one or more diverticula, causing symptoms that may require medical intervention.
  • Diverticular Bleeding: A less common form where the diverticula bleed, leading to blood in the stool.

How Common is Diverticular Disease?

Diverticular Disease is common, particularly in older adults. It affects about 35% of people aged 50 and older and up to 60% of those over 80. While diverticulosis is often asymptomatic, about 10-25% of people with diverticulosis will develop diverticulitis.

Symptoms and Causes

Common Symptoms

  • Diverticulosis: Often asymptomatic, but may cause mild discomfort, bloating, or irregular bowel movements.
  • Diverticulitis:
    • Severe abdominal pain, usually on the lower left side
    • Fever and chills
    • Nausea and vomiting
    • Changes in bowel habits (constipation or diarrhea)
    • Blood in the stool (if bleeding occurs)
    • Tenderness in the abdomen

Common Causes

  • Diet: A diet low in fiber is a major contributing factor to diverticular disease. Low fiber intake leads to constipation and increased pressure in the colon, which can cause the formation of diverticula.
  • Aging: The risk of developing diverticular disease increases with age as the colon wall becomes weaker over time.
  • Lifestyle Factors: Lack of physical activity, obesity, and smoking can increase the risk of diverticular disease.
  • Genetics: A family history of diverticular disease may increase the likelihood of developing the condition.

 

A note from GI Partners of Illinois

At GI Partners of Illinois, we specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of diverticular disease. Our team uses advanced imaging techniques, such as CT scans and colonoscopy, to accurately diagnose and monitor your condition. We work closely with you to develop a personalized treatment plan, including dietary guidance and, if necessary, medical or surgical intervention. Our goal is to help you manage your condition effectively and improve your quality of life. We are committed to providing compassionate, comprehensive care tailored to your needs.

FAQs

Yes, Diverticulosis can often be prevented or managed by maintaining a high-fiber diet, staying hydrated, exercising regularly, and avoiding strain during bowel movements.

Diverticulitis can be serious, especially if it leads to complications like abscesses, perforation, or peritonitis. Early treatment is crucial to prevent these complications.

While a high-fiber diet is recommended, some people may need to avoid nuts, seeds, and popcorn, which can irritate the diverticula. However, recent studies suggest that these foods may not need to be avoided. It’s best to consult with your healthcare provider.

 

Diverticulitis is usually diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies such as a CT scan to confirm inflammation or infection of the diverticula.

There is no direct link between Diverticular Disease and colon cancer. However, having Diverticular Disease does not increase the risk of developing colon cancer. Regular screening is important for overall colon health.

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