Colitis is a broad term used to describe inflammation of the colon (large intestine). The condition can lead to a range of symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding. Colitis can be caused by infections, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ischemic conditions, or allergic reactions.
The prevalence of Colitis varies depending on the type. For example, Ulcerative Colitis affects approximately 1 in 1,000 people in the United States, while Infectious Colitis is more common and often linked to foodborne illnesses. Colitis can affect people of all ages, but some forms, like Ulcerative Colitis, are more common in young adults.
Yes, stress can exacerbate symptoms of Colitis, particularly in conditions like Ulcerative Colitis. Managing stress through relaxation techniques and counseling can help reduce flare-ups.
Patients with Colitis should avoid foods that can irritate the colon, such as high-fiber foods, spicy foods, caffeine, alcohol, and dairy products if lactose intolerant. A low-residue diet may be recommended during flare-ups.
Some forms of Colitis, like Ulcerative Colitis, are chronic and require lifelong management. Other types, such as Infectious Colitis, may resolve with treatment.
Colitis is diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, stool tests, blood tests, and imaging studies such as colonoscopy or CT scans to visualize the colon and identify inflammation.
Yes, untreated Colitis can lead to serious complications, including severe dehydration, malnutrition, perforation of the colon, and an increased risk of colon cancer, particularly in chronic cases like Ulcerative Colitis.
Colitis affects about the same number of women and men. Risk factors include:
Age. Colitis usually begins before the age of 30, but it can occur at any age.
Race or ethnicity. Although white people have the highest risk of the disease, it can occur in any race. If you’re of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, your risk is even higher.
Family history. You’re at higher risk if you have a close relative, such as a parent, sibling, or child, with the disease.
See your doctor if you experience a persistent change in your bowel habits or if you have signs such as:
