Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. Though it doesn’t cause permanent damage to the intestines, IBS can significantly impact quality of life. Managing IBS involves lifestyle and dietary adjustments, along with medical treatment in some cases.

Overview

What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?

IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurring episodes of abdominal discomfort or pain, often accompanied by changes in bowel movements, including diarrhea, constipation, or a combination of both. The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but it is believed to be related to how the brain and gut interact.

Types of IBS

  • IBS with Diarrhea (IBS-D): Predominantly involves loose, frequent stools.
  • IBS with Constipation (IBS-C): Predominantly involves infrequent, hard stools.
  • Mixed IBS (IBS-M): A combination of both diarrhea and constipation symptoms.

How Common is IBS?

IBS is a common condition, affecting about 10-15% of the global population. It’s more prevalent in women and often begins in adolescence or early adulthood. Despite its prevalence, many cases of IBS go undiagnosed due to the variability of symptoms.

Symptoms and Causes

Common Symptoms

  • Abdominal pain or cramping, usually related to bowel movements
  • Bloating and excess gas
  • Diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between the two
  • Mucus in the stool
  • Feeling of incomplete evacuation after bowel movements

Common Causes

  • Abnormal Gut Motility: Disruptions in the movement of the intestines can cause symptoms like diarrhea or constipation.
  • Brain-Gut Interaction: Stress or emotional disturbances may trigger IBS symptoms, as the brain and gut are closely connected.
  • Food Sensitivities: Certain foods, like dairy, gluten, or fatty foods, may worsen IBS symptoms.
  • Infections: Gastrointestinal infections, such as bacterial gastroenteritis, can sometimes trigger IBS symptoms to develop or worsen.
  • Hormonal Changes: Many women report that symptoms worsen during their menstrual cycles, indicating a link between IBS and hormonal fluctuations.

A note from GI Partners

At GI Partners of Illinois, we understand how frustrating and disruptive IBS can be. Our specialists take a comprehensive approach to diagnosing IBS, ruling out other conditions and creating a customized treatment plan tailored to each patient’s needs. From dietary changes and stress management to medication, we help manage symptoms and improve quality of life for those affected by IBS.

FAQ's

Triggers vary from person to person but often include certain foods (like dairy, gluten, or high-fat foods), stress, and hormonal changes, particularly in women.

IBS is diagnosed based on symptoms and by ruling out other conditions through tests such as blood tests, stool tests, and sometimes a colonoscopy or endoscopy.

Yes, stress can exacerbate IBS symptoms due to the close connection between the brain and gut. Relaxation techniques and stress management can often help.

There is no cure for IBS, but symptoms can be effectively managed through diet, lifestyle changes, and medications tailored to individual needs.

Common trigger foods include dairy products, gluten, beans, fried foods, and high-gas-producing vegetables like broccoli and cabbage. It’s helpful to follow a low-FODMAP diet, which eliminates certain carbohydrates that can trigger IBS.

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